ACT 1 Geo: Use inductive and deductive reasoning

Welcome to your ACT 1 Geo: Use inductive and deductive reasoning

$Q_{1}:$ Observation: Every student in the class wears glasses. Inductive conclusion: What can you infer?

All students in the world wear glasses.

Most students in the class wear glasses.

Some students in the class wear glasses.

None of the above.

$Q_{2}:$ Observation: Every time it rains, the streets get wet. Inductive conclusion: What can you infer?

Rain always makes the streets wet.

Wet streets cause rain.

Rain and wet streets are unrelated.

Rain sometimes makes the streets wet.

$Q_{3}:$ Observation: Every morning, the bakery next door opens at 7:00 AM. Inductive conclusion: What can you infer?

The bakery only opens in the morning.

All bakeries open at 7:00 AM.

This bakery opens at 7:00 AM every morning.

Bakeries never open in the evening.

$Q_{4}:$ Observation: All the dogs you've seen in the park are brown. Inductive conclusion: What can you infer?

All dogs everywhere are brown.

Some dogs in the park are not brown.

Most dogs in the park are brown.

No dogs in the park are brown.

$Q_{5}:$ Premise 1: All humans are mortal. Premise 2: Socrates is a human. Deductive conclusion: What can you infer?

Socrates is immortal.

Socrates is mortal.

Socrates is not human.

Socrates is a god.

$Q_{6}:$ Premise 1: If it's sunny, John goes for a run. Premise 2: Today is sunny. Deductive conclusion: What can you infer?

John is definitely going for a run today.

John is not going for a run today.

John always goes for a run on sunny days.

The weather is always sunny when John goes for a run.

$Q_{7}:$ Premise 1: All cars in this parking lot are red. Premise 2: This car is in the parking lot. Deductive conclusion: What can you infer?

This car is not red.

This car is definitely red.

This car is green.

All cars in the world are red.

$Q_{8}:$ Premise 1: If you study hard, you'll pass the exam. Premise 2: Sarah passed the exam. Deductive conclusion: What can you infer?

Sarah didn't study hard.

Sarah studied hard.

Sarah didn't pass the exam.

Sarah is not a good student.

$Q_{9}:$ If all mammals have hair, and a bat is a mammal, what can you deduce about bats?

Bats don't have hair.

Bats have hair.

Bats are not mammals.

Bats are birds.

$Q_{10}:$ If a square is a type of rectangle, and all rectangles have four right angles, what can you conclude about squares?

Squares have three right angles.

Squares have four right angles.

Squares have five right angles.

Squares have no right angles.

$Q_{11}:$ If all prime numbers are odd, and $2$ is not an odd number, what can you conclude about $2$?

$2$ is a prime number.

$2$ is not a prime number.

$2$ is an even number.

$2$ is a composite number.

$Q_{12}:$ Given that all apples are fruits and some fruits are red, what can you deduce about some apples?

Apples are not fruits.

All apples are red.

Some apples are red.

Some apples are not red.

$Q_{13}:$ If all right angles are congruent, and angle $A$ is a right angle, what can you conclude about angle $A$?

Angle $A$ is congruent.

Angle $A$ is not congruent.

Angle $A$ is obtuse.

Angle $A$ is acute.

$Q_{14}:$ What comes next in the sequence: $3, 6, 12, 24, ...$?

$36$

$48$

$60$

$72$

$Q_{15}:$ In a bag of marbles, you draw out red, blue, and green marbles in that order. If this pattern repeats, what color will you draw next?

Blue

Green

Red

Yellow

$Q_{16}:$ In a sequence of numbers, each number is twice the previous number. If the first number is $2$, what is the fifth number in the sequence?

$32$

$16$

$8$

$4$

$Q_{17}:$ In a series of geometric shapes, each shape has one more side than the previous one. The first shape has $4$ sides (a quadrilateral), the second has $5$ sides (a pentagon), the third has $6$ sides (a hexagon), and so on. What shape comes next?

Octagon

Heptagon

Triangle

Square

$Q_{18}:$ If a pattern of colors in a sequence is blue, green, yellow, what color comes next?

Red

Orange

Purple

Pink

$Q_{19}:$ The type of reasoning where a person makes conclusions based on observations and patterns is called...

Experiments

Conjecture

Inductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning

$Q_{20}:$ Which number is a counterexample to the following statement? "All numbers that are divisible by $2$ are divisible by $4$".

$0$

$12$

$28$

$42$

$Q_{21}:$ Since all humans are mortal, and I am human, then I am mortal.

Deductive Reasoning

Inductive Reasoning

Concluding statement

Conjecture

$Q_{22}:$ All cars have at least two doors. A Ford Focus is a car, so the Ford Focus has at least two doors.

Deductive Reasoning

Inductive Reasoning

Concluding statement

Conjecture

$Q_{23}:$ Which of the following statements best describes inductive reasoning?

It starts with a specific observation and generalizes to a broader conclusion.

It begins with a general principle and derives specific conclusions from it.

It involves deducting conclusions from a set of premises.

It relies solely on logical syllogisms.

$Q_{24}:$ What is a potential limitation of inductive reasoning?

It guarantees absolute certainty in conclusions.

It can lead to false conclusions based on incomplete information.

It is primarily used in formal mathematical proofs.

It is unrelated to scientific inquiry.

$Q_{25}:$ Which of the following examples represents an instance of inductive reasoning?

All humans are mortal, and Socrates is a human, so Socrates is mortal.

The last five times I've seen swans, they were white, so all swans must be white.

If $A$ is greater than $B$, and $B$ is greater than $C$, then $A$ is greater than $C$.

If it rains, then the ground gets wet; it is raining, so the ground is wet.

$Q_{26}:$ What is the primary characteristic of deductive reasoning?

It involves making broad generalizations based on specific observations.

It derives specific conclusions from established premises or principles.

It relies on probability and likelihood to draw conclusions.

It is subjective and open to interpretation.

$Q_{27}:$ Which statement best illustrates deductive reasoning?

All rectangles have four right angles, and this shape has four right angles, so it must be a rectangle.

Every time I eat spicy food, my stomach hurts, so spicy food always causes stomach pain.

If John is taller than Sarah, and Sarah is taller than Emily, then John is the tallest.

If all birds can fly, and a penguin is a bird, then penguins can fly.

$Q_{28}:$ In deductive reasoning, if the premises are true, what can you say about the conclusion?

The conclusion is probably true but not certain.

The conclusion is unrelated to the premises.

The conclusion is guaranteed to be true.

The conclusion is false.

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